October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month. Remember the importance of mammograms.

According to data from the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC), breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in Western women, affecting one in eight. However, recent studies show that almost 40% of cases are preventable.

Experts stress the importance of prevention, early detection, family history and individual risk factors.

When it comes to prevention, lead a healthy life, have regular check-ups, and see your doctor if you notice anything unusual.

How is breast cancer detected?

Breast cancer is one of the few types of cancer that can be diagnosed before any symptoms become noticeable, which raises the likelihood of a cure to almost 100%. But, how is it diagnosed?

1. Breast self-examination: all women should start doing breast self-examination at age 20. This should be done once a month, after your menstrual period. You can do this in front of a mirror, and check for any changes in the colour or texture of the breasts. After looking carefully at both breasts, use your fingers in a massaging, clockwise motion to check for lumps.
2. Clinical breast exam: this is a regular check performed by a doctor. After the age of 25, a yearly breast examination by a specialist is recommended.
3. Mammogram: this is the most effective screening method. An x-ray is taken of the breasts to catch any disease as early as possible. This method can detect signs up to two years before they are noticeable, before it becomes invasive. Screening mammograms should start at age 40.
4. Ultrasound imaging: this test is commonly used to check changes spotted in a mammogram and often provides more detailed information about structures like cysts.

While a physical examination can detect less than 50% of tumours, a mammogram can detect 90%, so it is best not to rely on a single method.

Recent research suggests that regular exercise (at least four hours a week), not becoming overweight (particularly after the menopause) and avoiding regular alcohol consumption can reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.

It is important for women to know how their breasts normally look and feel, to make it easier to spot any changes.

This post is also available in: Italian